The aim of the study is determining the prophylactic effect of ketorolac tromethamine drop 0.5% eye drop on the functional and anatomical ocular characteristics of the diabetic patients after the phacoemulsification surgery.

In this randomized clinical trial study, 101 diabetic patients were included. All patients had undergone phacoemulsification surgery at Torfeh Eye Hospital between April 2016 and June 2017. To evaluate the prophylactic effect of ketorolac tromethamine topical eye drop, all cases were asked to apply it one day before the surgery in each 8 hours and continue it for 4 weeks after the surgery. Controls were not received placebo. All study population were examined using Snellen visual acuity chart, enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). All patients were followed at 6, 12 and 24 weeks after the cataract surgery.

The significant improvement of visual acuity were obtained in the cases and controls at all follow ups (P<0.001 for all). In comparison between the two groups, there was not any statistically significant difference in different time points except week 12 (P=0.028). In the case and control groups, the central macular thickness was increased at all follow ups. it was not found any statistical significant difference in the comparison of the two groups regarding to their choroidal and central macular thickness.

Based on OCT finding ketorolac tromrthamine eye drop has not an effective role in prevention of the postoperative cystoid macular edema in diabetic patients. But visual acuity of treated eyes was better at 12 weeks.